Kodi mukudziwa ntchito ya polyamide (Pa) composide (Pa) comprosetes mu njanji?
Maulendo a sitima yapamatu amatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito masitima apakunja
Polyamidide, yomwe imadziwika kuti naylon, imakhala ndi makina abwino, zolimba, kukana mafuta, kudziletsa, kukana mankhwala am'manja. Zipangizo zamagetsi za polyamiizi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu njanji zimatha kuthana ndi mavuto monga ritter yakomwe imakhala, onetsetsani kuti muli ndi nthawi yopumira, yomwe ndiyofunikira kuti ikhale yovuta ya sitima yapamwamba kwambiri. Mitundu ya polyamiti imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu njanji.
1.Kugwiritsa ntchito zida za polyamide ku Polyamide mu njanji zamagetsi
Ndemanga zothamanga kwambiri zimafunikira makina awo kuti azikhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri, kukhazikika komanso kutayika koyenera, kotero kuti mukwaniritse bwino kwambiri komanso kukonza pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, zofunikira zapamwamba zimayikidwa patsogolo pa zigawo za polymer zakuthupi mu ma gebital. Kukula kwa makampani a plastics ndi kupita kwa ukadaulo wosinthika kwasinthanso mitundu, kuchuluka kwa mapulasitiki ndi zida zosinthika, makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito kosinthika kosasinthika kwa ma hilway kukhala kochulukirapo.
1.1Kugwiritsa ntchito masitima mu njanji
Makina othamanga amakhala ndi magawo apakati olumikizira maulendo ndi ogona. Udindo wake ndikukonza njanjiyo, samalani ndikuletsa kayendedwe kambiri ndi kayendedwe ka njanji yolumikizana ndi yogona. Panjira yopendekeka konkriti, othamanga amafunikanso kuperekera zowonjezera chifukwa cha kutopa kosavuta kwa ogona a konkriti. Chifukwa chake, othamanga amayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira, kukhazikika komanso kuthyolako ena, komanso kukhala ndi kulumikizana pakati pa njanji ndi kugona. Kuphatikiza apo, makina othamanga amafunika kukhala ndi magawo ochepa, kukhazikitsa kosavuta komanso kosavuta. Zipangizo zophatikizira za polyamide ndizovala, zokalamba, zimakhala ndi zotukwana, mphamvu zazikulu komanso kusinthasintha, komwe kumatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pamwambapa.
1.2 Kugwiritsa ntchito pabwalo la njanji
Workout ndi chipangizo chogwirizira cha mzere chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kugubuduzika kuti isamutsidwe kuchokera ku chingwe kupita kwina; Ndi chinthu chofunikira pa njanji. Ntchito yake yachilendo ndi chitsimikizo choyambirira choyendetsa kuyendetsa. Ndi chitukuko cha njanji ya China, kuwunika kwa njanji kumagwiranso ntchito mosalekeza matekinoloje atsopano, zida zatsopano ndi njira zatsopano. Kuchepetsa mphamvu yotembenuka yotembenuzira ndikusintha kudalirika kwa ntchito za ma Opatuli nthawi zonse zakhala ndikukhala ndi zida zapamtunda zapakhomo komanso zakunja. Zojambula za Polyamiizi zili ndi madzi abwino kwambiri, kuvala kupsinjika, kudzipangira thupi komanso kuthengo kwa makina, kotero kuti zakwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino m'matembenuzidwe.
2.Kugwiritsa ntchito zida za polyamiidi
With the development of China's high-speed railway trains in the direction of high speed, safety and lightweight, in order to meet the requirements of high-speed train operation, trains must have small weight, good performance, simple structure and good corrosion resistance. Zipangizo zophatikizira za polymer zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto ophatikizika, ndipo zida ndi njira zopangira ma testizi zidakhala zikuyenda bwino kwambiri.
2.1Kugudubuza osayenera
Mawilo a magalimoto okwera amakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimafunikira kutsimikizira kuti kudalirika ndi chitetezo cha sitimayo ku liwiro lalikulu, komanso kusamalira kosavuta, motero kungoboola pakati kumatenga gawo lofunikira. Zipangizo zamagetsi za polyamiizi zili ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, kudzipangitsa, kuvala kukana, kukana kwamphamvu, komwe kumatha kugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri panjira yoyendera njanji, kuthamanga kwambiri ndi katundu wolemera. Izi zonyamula khwangwala zimagwiritsa ntchito galasi chinyezi zolimbikitsidwa ndi graphite kapena molybdenum yotsuka ngati mafuta, omwe ali ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono. Mtundu wamtunduwu wagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, monga kampani ya Skf ya SEEDNEN pa okwera pamagalimoto okwera ndi malo opangira galasi kumera 25% kuti apange osakanizira. Cylindrical yovala zovala za magalimoto oyendetsa sitima yapamwamba kwambiri komanso magalimoto am'madzi ku Germany adayesedwa nthawi zina. Russia yakhala ikukhazikitsa ma naylon osambira magalimoto kuyambira 1986. Mtundu wamtunduwu wa nylon uli ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri pakukweza mphamvu ndi moyo, makamaka kuti achepetse ngozi. Dalian Diesel Loptal Research Institutesi ndi Ma Plastics Ofufuza a Dalial Institute actitutes a Nylon Phulusa lagalasi, ndikudutsa bwino kwambiri ma makilomita oposa 200,000 ma makilomita okwanira.
2.2 Bogie Core Disct amavala disc
Bogie ndi amodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri mu gawo la sitimayo, ndikusewera mbali yofunikira pakuchirikiza thupi lagalimoto ndikuwonetsetsa kuti galimotoyo ichitike. Katundu wa chiwonetsero cha disc ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira za bogie, zomwe zimayikidwa pakati pa pilo la bogie la galimotoyo, ndikuthandizira thupi lonse limodzi ndi katundu. Nkhunt zaku America zidagwiritsa ntchito upangiri wa naylon m'mabowo kumayambiriro kwa zaka 60 zapitazo, ndikuwonjezera pulogalamuyo kuvala piltes. Bogies amawomba katundu, amafunikira zida zolimba, kusinthasintha komanso kulimba. MBT UA imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu za Uhm-WPE kuti mupange mbali ya bogie kuti ikwaniritse izi, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito nylon ngati mbali yovala mbale pa njanji yowala. NYNARE MISONKHANO NDI GAWO LOMAKONZEDWA PA BSI mtundu wa GSI wa njanji ya njanji. Chicago ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa ntchito ylon chifukwa chovala mapepala otsogolera masitepe ndi zida zomangirira, ndipo NYNARE LAWO LOMOTOTIV. Pofuna kuthana ndi kuvala pakati pa dissi yam'mwamba komanso yotsika kwambiri yagalimoto, ndikuwonjezera moyo wazinthu zokhudzana, zida zolimbitsa thupi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zigawo zochepetsera kuvala. Zipangizo za Polymer monga chitsamba chagalu chagalasi yolimbikitsidwa, yopangidwa ndi mafuta a nylon ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa polyethylene. Polyamide ndi zida zina zosinthidwa zimakhala ndi kuvala bwino kukana ndi kudzilimbitsa, kumathandizira kugwira ntchito moyenera ndi mafuta pang'ono kapena ayi. Magalimoto aku Germany nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Scar Sc Lear, ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa maulendo olemera polyethylene, ndipo China amagwiritsa ntchito Pa66 monga momwe mtima umagwirira.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida za polyamide ndi polyamide mu njanji zamagetsi
Zizindikiro zolumikizira njanji ndi malo amnjenje a njanji yonse yoyendera njanji. Mabwalo ozungulira ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera kwakutali kwa zida zodziwikiratu za zida za njanji. Zipangizo zamagetsi za polyamiizi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potsatira madera omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi, onetsetsani kuti kulumikizana kosavuta, kuchepetsa kuyendetsa galimoto mosavuta komanso kukonza chitetezo choyendetsa.
3.1 Zida zopindika
Sukulu ya njanji ndi imodzi mwazinthu zoyambira mdera. Kuphatikiza pa kuwonetsetsa kuti njirayi ya track ya track, track iyenera kuchepetsa mphamvu yamakina pa njanji yolumikizana. Izi zimafuna zinthu zotupa zapamwamba ndi zinthu zabwino zotchinga komanso mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa cha zovuta za nyengo ndi chilengedwe komanso njira zopitilira kusintha kwa zinthu zapa sitima, sitima zimawonongeka mosavuta. Ndilo lolumikizana kwambiri mu njanji. Zipangizo zamasamba osonyeza pa Pa6, Pa66, pa1010, mc Nylon, etc.
3.2 Zovala za Gauge
Sungani njanji ya Gauge ndi chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga njanji ndikulimbikitsa mizere mu njanji ya njanji. Kugwiritsa ntchito patenthedwe cha mitsuko yagalasi ngati manyola, ndi ndodo zachitsulo ndi zina zophatikizira zomwe zimapangika.
4. Mapulogalamu ena a mitengo ya polyamiidi yopanga mu sitima
Pakadali pano, China ndi nthawi yotukuka ya chitukuko cha njanji. Ndi chitukuko chachangu cha njanji ya Urban, supuni, makina osokoneza bongo ku China, komanso kusinthanitsa ndi kusintha kwa magawo a sitima, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zazikulu za polyamiidi zimafunikiranso.
5.Conction
Ndi chitukuko cha njanji molowera kuthamanga kwambiri, chitetezo ndi chopepuka, zida za polymer zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri ndipo yakhala chinthu chachitatu chochuluka kwambiri pambuyo mwala. Makina oyendetsa njanji amakhala gawo lofunikira pakupanga mapulaneti osinthidwa mtsogolo, ndipo manamini apamwamba a polyamiti ali ndi ntchito zolimbikitsa kwambiri. Tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwayiwu pofuna kuthamanga kwa kafukufuku wakuya ndi kufalikira kwaukadaulo wopanga zinthu zopanga zinthu zopangira zinthu zomwe apanga. Yesetsani kusintha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zophatikiza njanji kuti zikhazikike chitukuko cha njanji ya China.
Post Nthawi: Dis-13-2022